Human factors play a critical role in the cybersecurity of Operational Technology (OT) environments. Even with advanced technical protections in place, the awareness, habits, and decisions of personnel remain among the most influential elements in determining overall system security.

• OT personnel may not have formal cybersecurity training.
• Focus is often on safety, availability, and physical performance.
• Social engineering and phishing remain common threats.
• Continuous education is key to building a security culture.