Cyberattacks on Operational Technology (OT) systems can have both immediate and long-term consequences, often extending well beyond the initial disruption. Because OT controls the physical processes that keep factories, utilities, and critical infrastructure running, even a short-lived incident can have significant ripple effects.

Immediate consequences:

• Physical damage to equipment
• Safety risks for workers and public
• Production and service downtime

Long-term consequences:

• Financial losses
• Reputational damage
• Regulatory penalties